Electrical stunning is likely to remain an important stunning method for turkeys at slaughter.The purpose of this study is to understand the application of various waveforms of alternating current (AC) and pulsed direct currents (DC), head-only, to turkeys and to improve the effectiveness of handheld stunning of turkeys.We evaluated the Sippy Cups
Abstract The spiroindolones, a new class of antimalarial medicines discovered in a cellular screen, are rendered less active by mutations in a parasite P-type ATPase, PfATP4.We show here that S.cerevisiae also acquires mutations in a gene encoding a P-type ATPase (ScPMA1) after exposure to spiroindolones and that these mutations are sufficient for
Under conditions of chronic antigen stimulation, such as persistent viral infection and cancer, CD8 T cells may diminish effector function, which has been termed exhaustion.Expression of inhibitory Receptors (iRs) is often regarded as a hallmark of exhaustion.Here we studied the expression of eight different iRs by CD8 T cells of healthy humans, in
The changes in pig production during the last six to ten years were studied in case of Farme Ihan d.d., the Slovenian pig producer.At the beginning of the period, the company produced 70 to 75 thousand slaughtering pigs per year.At the end of the period the production increased to 150 thousand.As expected, the prices of pigs were reduced during tha
The activation of several transcription factors is required for the elimination of infectious pathogens via the innate immune response.The transcription factors NF-kappaB, AP-1, and STAT play major roles in the synthesis of immune effector Dusters molecules during innate immune responses.However, the fact that these immune responses can have cytoto